E-gold was an electronic currency that was backed by physical gold. It was launched in 1996 by a company called e-gold Ltd, and it allowed users to open accounts with the company and then use those accounts to make transactions with other users. The value of the e-gold currency was tied directly to the value of gold, so the value of e-gold would fluctuate with the price of gold. Users could also exchange e-gold for physical gold, which could be delivered to them or stored in a secure third-party vault.
E-gold gained popularity in the early 2000s as a way for people to make online transactions without the need for traditional banks or credit card companies. However, the company faced legal challenges and accusations of money laundering, and it was eventually shut down by the US government in 2008. While e-gold was one of the first digital currencies to be backed by a physical asset, it ultimately was not sustainable due to the legal and regulatory challenges it faced.