Crypto literally translates as hidden or secret. Cryptography is the term for "secret writing." It is the capability to send messages that only the intended recipient can read. The configuration of cryptographic technology can guarantee partial or complete anonymity. It ensures the security of participants and transactions in cryptocurrencies, as well as the decentralization of operations and prevention of double spending. The technology serves a variety of functions. Such as protecting the network's numerous transactions, regulating the creation of new currency units, and confirming the transfer of digital assets and tokens. Three different cryptographic techniques are used by Bitcoin, including one for “mining” and another for creating its public-private key pairs.